Solar power is the conversion of sunlight into electricity,
either directly using photovoltaics (PV), or indirectly using concentrated
solar power (CSP). CSP systems use lenses or mirrors and tracking systems to
focus a large area of sunlight into a small beam. PV converts light into
electric current using the photoelectric effect.
Commercial CSP plants were first developed in the
1980s. Since 1985 the eventually 354 MW SEGS CSP installation, in the Mojave
Desert of California, is the largest solar power plant in the world. Other
large CSP plants include the 150 MW Solnova Solar Power Station and the 100 MW
Andasol solar power station, both in Spain. The 250 MW Agua Caliente Solar
Project, in the United States, and the 221 MW Charanka Solar Park in India, are
the world’s largest photovoltaic plants. Solar projects exceeding 1 GW are
being developed, but most of the deployed photovoltaics are in small rooftop
arrays of less than 5 kW, which are grid connected using net metering and/or a
feed-in tariff.
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